Street-car-heating device



(N6 Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1. J. J. SANDS.

STREET GAR HEATING DEVIGE. I

Patented Dec. 25, 1888..

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheefr. 2.

J. SANDS.

STREET GAR HEATING- DEVICE.

No. 395,081] Patented Dec. 25, 1888.

n- Q7 w (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 J. J. SANDS.

STREET GAR HEATING DEVICE.

No. 395,081. Patented Dec. 25, 1888.

":11: E4 v I.

A E EM 2%}. 5W-

UniTnn STATES Y ATENT Tricia.

JOSIAS J. SANDS, OF MER'ION, \VISGONSIN.

STREET-CAR-HEATING DEVICE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 395,081, dated December 25, 1888.

Application filed November 14:, 1887. Serial No. 255,031. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that l, JOSIAS J. SANDS, of Merton, in the county of Vaukcsha and State of Visconsin, have invented certain new and l useful Improvements in Street-Car-Heating Devices; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the. letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in apparatus for heating railway and street cars and similar moving vehicles.

According to my invention the car or vehicle to be heated is provided with a continuous coiled pipe or a series of connected coils or tubes located preferably under the seats and provided with valved inlet and outlet connections at some convenient point about the exterior of the car. The pipes or coils are kept full of heated fluid, preferably water, causing a constant supply of heat to be radiated from the said pipes for warming the interior of the vehicle. At desirable intervals the pipes are charged with heated water, the entering charge displacing the previous cooled charge. Charging and discharging stations are located at terminals or at suitable points along the line of travel, each station contain ing a waterheating and a water-forcing device, whereby a heated charge is caused to enter the pipes in the car and to displace the preceding charge, which is received at the charging-station and reheated. Convenient means are provided for regulating the amount of radiant heat entering the body of the car from the heating-pipes.

The details of construction, arrangement, and operation will be hereinafter fully set forth, and referred to in the appended claims.

For convenience my invention is illustrated as applied to a street-car; but its application to other vehicles will be readily understood from the showing herein made.

In the drawings, Figure l. is a view in elovation showing a street-car providml with my f improved heating device, a portion of the side i of the car being broken away to show the interior arrangement thereof. Fig. 9 is an end 3 view of the car on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, the upper portion of the car being broken away for convenience, and the walls and sides of the car and heating apparatus being shown in section. Fig. 3 is a sectional plan view of the end portions of the car on the line 3 '23 of Fig. 2, showing the arrangement of the hot-water pipes. Fig. 4c is a diagrammatic view of one of the charging-stations.

As illustrated in the drawings, A indicates astreet-car of well-known type, under the longitudinally arranged seats B of which are placed heating devices comprising a continuous coiled pipe or series of connected coils or tubes, C. The said connected coils or tubes 0 terminate in inflow and outflow pipes G which are provided with valves 0 c, to retain a charge of hot water within the pipes. The terminals of the pipes C C are preferably exterior to the car in position convenient of access for the purpose of attaching supply and discharge pipes or hose thereto.

The pipes C in the particular embodiment of my invention herein illustrated are placed close together and inclosed within a casing having fixed rear and bottom pieces, D d, and a fixed front guard, E, which. latter is elevated from the floor F of the car, leaving an opening, G, for the ingress of air to be heated. The upper portion of the casing is closed by a movable top, II, which is desirably hinged to or otherwise rests at one edge upon the upper edge of the guard E, the other edge of said top resting upon the edge of the rear wall, D, of the casing.

The cover H is raised and lowered by a hand-lever, h, which is desirably provided with a spring-latch, I, arranged to engage the notches of a notched segment, 2', secured in the path thereof. The pipes C and their casing do not entirely fill the space below the seat B, a chamber, B, beingleft between the moving top ll and the seat B to allow space for the movement of the top. Said chamber xtends upward behind the back Z) of said seat and terminates in an outlet, 13, above the top of theback of the seat. The greatest amount of heat will be thrown into the body of the car when the cover H is fully raised and the maximum quantity of air is free to circulate between the pipes C, such air entering through the opening G and passing upward between the pipes and into the chamber B, and thence into the body of the car through the opening B The air issuing from said opening B and entering the opening G will produce a constant circulation of the air within the car, tending to maintain an equal temperature in all parts thereof.

The guard E serves to protect the clothing and limbs of the passengers from contact with the heated pipes O. The cover H may obviously "be made in several independentlymovable sections, instead of the single parts shown.

Suitable apparatus supplying hot water for renewing the charges in the heating-pipes is located at the terminals of the line of travel or elsewhere. Such apparatus includes a water-heater and a pump or other waterforcing device for forcing hot water into the pipes of the car to displace the cooled water therein.

In the drawings,Fig. 4, is shown a water heating and forcing apparatus embracing a water-heater, N, a force-pump, O, and a tank, P, receiving the cooled water from the car, the force-pump being arranged to take the water from the tank P and force it into the heater N. The pump 0 may be driven by hand, water, steam, or other available power, a steam-boiler, Q, for operating the steampump being shown by way of illustration.

L and M represent pipes leading from the heating and forcing devices to the inflow and outflow pipes C and C of the heating system of the ear. The pipe L is connected with the heater N and serves to convey the heated wa ter therefrom to the car. The pipe M is for returning the cooled water from the pipes of the car to the water-heating apparatus, and is arranged to discl'iarge into the tank P.

.Flexible pipes or hose Zm are employed for connecting the pipes L and M with the inlet and outlet pipes of the car.

lVhen it is desired to renew the charge of hot water in the pipes of the car, the flexible pipes Z m are connected with the pipes C C", the cooks c c are opened, and the pump set in operation to force hot water from the heater into the pipes of the car, the entrance of the hot water obviously expelling the cooled charge, which is delivered to the tank P. The charge of water will usually retain a considerable quantity of its heat, and its return to the tank P and the heater therefore largely economizes fuel.

As far as the novel features of construction in the heating devices of the car are concerned it is obviously immaterial as to whether the cooled charge is returned to the heater or is discharged into a water pipe or sewer.

One advantage gained by the return of the cooled charge to the tank P is that it can be at once ascertained by the temperature of the water flowing into the said tank when the process of renewing the charge in the pipes C is completed.

My invention is not limited to a construction comprising heating-pipes each the length of the car, since they may with equally good results be in shorter lengths and in the form of connected coils or tubes to suit differentlyarranged seats, each body or nest of pipes being separately inclosed, if desired, and the passage of air through each controlled by a single or separate valves. All the pipes in each car, in whatever form, are, however, conn ected in series, forming one continuous pipe, reservoir, or holder for the heated fluid, having but a single charge and discharge opening therefrom.

By connecting my heating system in series, when the charge is renewed every portion of the preceding charge is replaced and the expansion and contraction of the series of pipes, coils, or tubes will be uniform throughout. The heating device being located beneath the seats of the car, it is not necessary to expose more than a very small portion thereof to outside influences, and those portions are easily boxed and protected therefrom, so that with reasonable care no injury will happen to the pipes from freezing and bursting.

Having described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1. A heating device for cars or other vehicles, consisting of a coiled pipe or groups of pipes or coils connected in series, a casing or casings located beneath the seat or seats of the vehicle and inclosin g said pipes and provided with a movable top and with means for raising and lowering the same, and 113V." ing an opening at its lower front portion, the space between. the top of the casing or casings and the seat and between the back of the seat and the wall of the car forminga chamber extending u )wardly from the casing or casings and opening into the body of the car, substantially as described.

2. A heating device for cars or other vehicles, consisting of a coiled pipe or group of coils or tubes arranged beneath the seat or seats of the car, a casing having a movable top and inclosing the coiled pipe or group of coils, and a hand-lever, as I, for raising and lowering the said top, and means for securing the same in adjusted position, substantially as described.

3. A heating device for cars and other vehicles, consisting of a coiled pipe or a series of connected coils or tubes arranged beneath the seats of the car, a box. or casing inclosing the heating-coils and comprising fixed rear and bottom parts, a fixed front wall or guard extending along the upper portion of the easing and leaving an opening between its lower edge and the said bottom part for the ingress of cool air and the egress of heated air, and

volume of air through the casing and between the coils of the pipe or pipes, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

JOSIAS J. SANDS.

Vi tn esses:

' C. CLARENCE PooLE,

O. N. WILLIS. 

